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Chapter 15 in Democracy in the era of Artificial Intelligence: Opportunities and Risks
Abstract
There are opportunities and threats to peace and security in South Asia related to artificial intelligence. AI’s place in the military and the belief in AI’s use for peacebuilding are often considered mutually exclusive. This chapter reverses that idea and shows that with effective governance of democratic institutions, AI can support peacebuilding in South Asia. Based on the rational actor model, the study explores three related dimensions to consider the possibilities for AI to influence peacebuilding across the region. First, AI can support peacebuilding that includes the enhancement of active mechanisms for the prevention of conflict and the reconstruction of societies after the cessation of conflict. Second, the technologies of AI can stop the occurrence of conflict among nations through more refined intelligence, advanced early warning systems of potential crises, and more effective crisis communication to prevent the occurrence of conflict through misjudgments and misinterpretations. Third, AI can enhance and support the processes of diplomatic negotiations and confidence-building activities among the actors of the region. The chapter argues that when AI is incorporated into democratic systems with the values of transparency, the protection of human beings, and responsibility, it can be both legitimate and effective.